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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク free entropy ： ウィキペディア英語版 free entropy A thermodynamic free entropy is an entropic thermodynamic potential analogous to the free energy. Also known as a Massieu, Planck, or Massieu–Planck potentials (or functions), or (rarely) free information. In statistical mechanics, free entropies frequently appear as the logarithm of a partition function. The Onsager reciprocal relations in particular, are developed in terms of entropic potentials. In mathematics, free entropy means something quite different: it is a generalization of entropy defined in the subject of free probability. A free entropy is generated by a Legendre transform of the entropy. The different potentials correspond to different constraints to which the system may be subjected. ==Examples== The most common examples are: U + \frac V - \sum_^s \frac N_i \, | |align="center"|$~~~~~U,V,\backslash \backslash ,$ |- |Massieu potential \ Helmholtz free entropy |$\backslash Phi\; =S-\backslash frac\; U$ |$=\; -\; \backslash frac$ |align="center"|$~~~~~\backslash frac\; ,V,\backslash \backslash ,$ |- |Planck potential \ Gibbs free entropy |$\backslash Xi=\backslash Phi\; -\backslash frac\; V$ |$=\; -\; \backslash frac$ |align="center"|$~~~~~\backslash frac,\backslash frac,\backslash \backslash ,$ |} where ::$S$ is entropy ::$\backslash Phi$ is the Massieu potential〔 〕 ::$\backslash Xi$ is the Planck potential〔 ::$U$ is internal energy ::$T$ is temperature ::$P$ is pressure ::$V$ is volume ::$A$ is Helmholtz free energy ::$G$ is Gibbs free energy ::$N\_i$ is number of particles (or number of moles) composing the ''i''-th chemical component ::$\backslash mu\_i$ is the chemical potential of the ''i''-th chemical component ::$s$ is the total number of components ::$i$ is the $i$th components. Note that the use of the terms "Massieu" and "Planck" for explicit Massieu-Planck potentials are somewhat obscure and ambiguous. In particular "Planck potential" has alternative meanings. The most standard notation for an entropic potential is $\backslash psi$, used by both Planck and Schrödinger. (Note that Gibbs used $\backslash psi$ to denote the free energy.) Free entropies where invented by French engineer Francois Massieu in 1869, and actually predate Gibbs's free energy (1875). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「free entropy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.